Chi keen to wrap up RCEP, India wary

FREE TRADE PACT FOR 16 ASIA-PACIFIC COUNTRIES

By Ranja rayan

Chi is pushing to get the RCEP pact wrapped up fast. But the negotiations over the ambitious regiol trade deal, which began over five years ago — with the 19th round of talks being held in Hyderabad last month — look unlikely to conclude by the tentative year-end deadline.

After the Hyderabad round, members of the Regiol Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), a free trade agreement covering 16 countries in the Asia-Pacific region, are hoping to arrive at a positive conclusion during the 20th round to be held in Incheon, South Korea, in October.

The 16 RCEP countries — Chi, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, and the 10-member ASEAN — represent more than 3.5 billion people and about 40 per cent of global GDP.

India, which has an over $50 billion trade deficit with Beijing, has concerns over its market being flooded by goods from Chi and other tions once it further liberalises its tariff barriers for goods, as is being demanded. India is pushing for a deal in the services sector, where it is in a leadership position, with liberalisation of services and freedom of movement for professiols. However, the talks in the field have remained inconclusive.

According to former ambassador Rajiv Bhatia, “Chi already has a strong position in the RCEP negotiations as it is the biggest trading tion in the grouping, and also because it has a fairly advanced FTA with the ASEAN countries.”

“India cannot give very freely and liberally trade preferences to other countries, due to apprehensions that it would further jeopardise our own domestic industry. So India has the more difficult challenge, and these countries, which have been relatively free market, are pushing India to make more concessions as far as the goods trade is concerned,” Bhatia, former Director General of the Indian Council of World Affairs, told IANS.

But with regard to the services sector, India has sought better arrangements and more concessions as well as facilitation of free movement of professiols — but the other countries of the proposed FTA bloc are opposed to this. “So you have a situation where there are pressures and counter-pressures,” Bhatia added.

According to intertiol trade expert T.S. Vishwath, what is holding up the negotiations in the area of services is that countries of the ASEAN, as well as South Korea and Australia, “are not open about some of the demands we have”.

“This is mostly regarding the movement of professiols, in the Information Technology or BPO sector. They have issues, and are not very happy about it. They are putting pressure, saying, ‘open up your markets for our products, manufactured goods’,” Vishwath, Principal Advisor, APJ-SLG Law Offices, told IANS.

India has said it is willing to open up 65 per cent of its market for goods, but the countries want close to 90-95 per cent. India has asked for the services agreement to be inked as a quid pro quo.

“On that everybody is keeping quiet. That is why it is taking a little while,” he added.

“From what I understand, the industry in some other countries, like Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Australia, say if India wants a higher opening for movement of professiols they may not be averse to it. There is some hope. But the governments there need to act, it has to come from the governments, not industry,” he said.

“We are hoping that by December they may be able to get somewhere on these issues,” Vishwath added.

According to economist Ram Upendra Das, “The negotiations in RECP are happening in a manner in which, in my view, India is being misunderstood.”

Das, who has been appointed the head of the just-opened Centre for Regiol Trade, an autonomous institute under the Commerce Ministry, told IANS: “One of the things India has been saying is that they should open up temporary movement of people and professiols under Mode 4, which means our experts, in health, IT, software developers, should be in a position to get the facility to go. The misunderstanding is that they (other countries) are confusing temporary movement of professiols with permanent migration.”

“Just because any country signs a deal in services does not mean they will be swamped by professiols,” he added. On the future of the negotiations, Bhatia said: “My considered view is that December is going to be a difficult deadline... Our government announced it would be ready in 2016, it did not happen. And now they are talking about the end of 2017. There is nothing firm about December 2017 as far as I know.” (IANS)

(Ranja rayan can be reached at ranja.n@ians.in)