Environmental consequences of improper immersion of deities

Ajay Sarkar

(ajaysarkarofficial2020@gmail.com)

The festive season in India is a time of exuberance and spirituality, marked by a cascade of celebrations, religious rituals, and cultural events. Among the many festivals that grace this season are Vishwakarma Puja, Ganesh Chaturthi, Durga Puja, Lakshmi Puja, and Kali Puja, each of which carries its own unique traditions and customs. However, beneath the vibrant tapestry of these festivities lies an environmental concern that cannot be ignored. It revolves around the age-old practice of immersing deities and idols into the country’s water bodies, a ritual that, when performed improperly, wreaks havoc on the environment and the water.

This article explores the detrimental effects of this practice, delving into the chemicals involved and their repercussions.

Central to many Indian festivals is the act of idol immersion. Devotees, driven by deep spiritual beliefs, partake in this ritual as a symbolic means of returning the deities to their natural abode, signifying a farewell to the divine presence. Although this practice is deeply entrenched in culture and spirituality, it is increasingly garnering attention due to the environmental consequences it incurs.

One of the most pressing environmental concerns arising from improper idol immersion is water pollution. A significant portion of the idols crafted for these festivals are made from materials that are anything but eco-friendly. Plaster of Paris (PoP), a commonly used material, does not dissolve easily and contains harmful chemicals like gypsum, sulphur, phosphorus, and magnesium. When these idols are immersed in water bodies, they release these toxic substances, causing severe water pollution. The consequences are detrimental not only to the water but to all life forms that rely on it.

Another dimension of this problem arises from the use of chemical-based colours to adorn the idols. These colours contain hazardous chemicals such as lead, mercury, chromium, and cadmium. When mixed with water during immersion, they contaminate the water, posing a grave risk to aquatic ecosystems. The presence of heavy metals like lead and mercury can disrupt the entire food chain, leading to the decline of aquatic life.

Ecosystem Disruption: Many of the water bodies chosen for idol immersion are ecologically sensitive areas that support a diverse range of aquatic flora and fauna. Improper idol immersion can lead to habitat destruction and the alteration of these ecosystems. Toxic substances from the idols can have fatal consequences for aquatic organisms, disturbing the delicate balance of these environments. Such disruptions can have far-reaching implications for the ecological health of these regions.

Accumulation of Debris: The idol immersion practice often leaves behind a trail of debris in water bodies. Non-biodegradable components like synthetic clothes, decorative items, and jewellery used to adorn the idols take years, if not decades, to disintegrate. As a result, these remnants not only mar the beauty of natural water bodies but also pose long-term environmental hazards.

Soil contamination: In some instances, idols are immersed in temporary water bodies created exclusively for the festival. When this happens, it can lead to soil contamination in the surrounding areas. The toxic materials leaching from the idols can infiltrate the soil, potentially affecting agriculture and plant life. Such contamination can have enduring consequences, affecting not only the current generation but those to come.

While the environmental issues surrounding improper idol immersion are cause for concern, there are practical solutions and alternative practices that can help mitigate these problems:

Eco-friendly Idols: A significant step towards reducing the environmental impact of idol immersion is the adoption of eco-friendly idols. Crafted from natural materials like clay, these idols are biodegradable and do not release harmful chemicals into the water. The use of natural colours derived from plant extracts further ensures minimal harm to the environment.

Artificial Ponds: Local authorities and communities can collaborate to establish artificial ponds equipped with proper filtration systems. These ponds can serve as designated immersion sites, ensuring that harmful substances do not enter natural water bodies. It offers a controlled environment for the ritual while preserving the ecological integrity of nearby rivers and lakes.

Public Awareness: Raising awareness among the masses about the ecological consequences of improper idol immersion is paramount. Community initiatives and educational campaigns can play a pivotal role in promoting responsible and sustainable practices during festivals. Encouraging the use of eco-friendly idols and colours should be central to such efforts.

Recycling and proper disposal: Another avenue to explore is the recycling of materials used in idol-making. Programmes can be initiated to collect and recycle PoP idols, thereby reducing waste and the strain on landfills. Additionally, enforcing stringent regulations for the proper disposal of non-biodegradable components can help curtail the long-term environmental impact.

The festive season in India is a testament to the nation’s rich cultural heritage and deep spiritual roots. However, as we celebrate and partake in age-old rituals, it is imperative that we do not turn a blind eye to the environmental consequences that accompany these practices. The improper immersion of deities during festivals poses a severe threat to water bodies, aquatic life, ecosystems, and even soil. It is imperative that we embrace sustainable traditions that harmonise our celebrations with the well-being of the planet.

The adoption of eco-friendly idols, the creation of artificial immersion ponds, the dissemination of public awareness, and responsible recycling and disposal practices are steps in the right direction. By striking a balance between tradition and environmental responsibility, we can ensure that our festivals continue to be a source of joy, spirituality, and unity without compromising the natural world that sustains us. The time has come for a collective effort to celebrate in a manner that respects both our cultural heritage and the planet we call home.