First, the regulatory regime around RPOs needs to be improved with a more effective "carrot and stick" mechanism for obligated entities. In their paper, "Promotion of Wind and Solar Energy through Renewable Energy Certificate System: Lessons from Renewable Obligation Certificate, United Kingdom Experience for India", Sushanta K. Chatterjee, et al., put forth the example of regulations in the UK that pool the pelties received for non-compliance of RPOs, and uses the pool to reward compliant entities.