Which brain region helps us stay conscious?

New York, June 22: Scientists, including one of Indian-origin, have found that a brain region — associated with cognitive behaviours, decision making, and moderating social behaviour — determines our overall level of consciousness. The study, conducted on rats, provided evidence that the prefrontal cortex has a switchboard-like relationship with other areas of the brain, helping to ignite awareness of visual information. “The study suggests that the prefrontal cortex has the potential to play a role in coordinating the level of consciousness,” said George Mashour from the University of Michigan. The results could also be explored for applications in people with disorders of consciousness, such as coma or vegetative states. “It’s very difficult and dangerous to directly intervene at the level of arousal centres in the brainstem because of its location, small size, and nearby vital functions.

In the study the team gave anesthetised rats with a common anesthetic used in humans and exposed their prefrontal and parietal lobe — a brain region associated with processing sensory information and interpreting visual information — to drugs that ramped up the effect of neurotransmitters and measured their brain activity and behaviour. (IANS)