The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 of the United Nations on Zero Hunger is all about ending hunger by achieving food security through sustainable food production and promoting climate-resilient agriculture. The International Food Policy Research Institute, in its Global Food Policy Report 2022, flagged the concern that climate change is likely to slow down the progress towards hunger reduction in India, with around 16 people remaining at risk of hunger in 2030. A climate vulnerability analysis carried out by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) reveals that 109 districts are in the “very high risk” category and 201 districts are in the “high risk” category under the National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA). Since the impact of climate change on agriculture and horticulture is already known, the challenge is to address it to avert a global food crisis so that progress made towards SDG 2 is not derailed by a lack of timely response. The crop yield of rainfed rice in the country is projected to reduce by 20% by 2050 and by 47% by 2080. The projection is worrying for a state like Assam, as in 60% of the state’s cultivated area, farmers are completely dependent on rain as there is no irrigation facility in those areas. Extreme weather events like large excess or large deficit rainfall due to climate change’s impact have added to the woes of farmers practising rainfed agriculture. Apart from rainfed rice, wheat, khariff maize, and mustard have been identified as the most vulnerable crops due to climate change’s impact. The crop yield of Irrigated rice is also projected to be reduced by 3.5% in 2030 and by 5% in 2080. Wheat yield is projected to decrease by 19.3% and 40%, kharif maize by 18% and 23%, and mustard by 7.9% and 15% in 2050 and 2080, which presents a bleak scenario for the country’s food security for the coming decades. Mere increasing production, productivity, or cropping intensity is not going to reduce the risk; building the climate resilience of farmers against crop failure due to flood, draught, hailstorm, or water shortage must figure high on the list of priorities. The NICRA is a response to the emerging situation by the ICAR to develop and promote climate-resilient agriculture to address vulnerable districts in the country so that farmers in these regions can cope with extreme weather conditions like floods, droughts, frost, and heat waves. Three key components of NICRA include identification of the most vulnerable districts and regions, development of crop varieties and management practises for adaptation and mitigation, and assessment of climate change impacts on livestock, fisheries, and poultry vis-à-vis identification of adaptation strategies. Prevailing agriculture scenarios in two districts of Assam—Karbi Anglong and Lakhimpur—in which the majority of farmers are dependent on rainfed cultivation explain why the climate vulnerability study carried out by the ICAR has pressed the alarm bell for farmers in states like Assam with poor irrigation coverage. In Karbi Anglong, of the net cultivated area of 176,000 Ha, the rainfed area is 171,000 ha. Of the 13356 Ha under rice in the hill district, rainfed rice accounts for 129883 ha, while irrigated rice covers only 3682 Ha. Of the total 19110 ha under mustard, 17591 ha account for rainfed areas. In Lakhimpur, rainfed areas account for 95% of the total cultivated area, which speaks volumes about the high vulnerability of crop yield if not brought under irrigation coverage and other measures such as the distribution of seeds of climate-resilient varieties among the farmers. The National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture is another intervention under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), which promotes climate-resilient farming practises to make agriculture practises in the country more resilient to the changing climate. It envisages location-specific integrated or composite farming systems, soil and moisture conservation measures, comprehensive soil health management, efficient water management practises, and mainstreaming rainfed technologies. Awareness among the farmers about various climate-resilient farming practises promoted by the central and state governments under various flagship schemes is a crucial factor that determines their participation. With 85% of farmers in Assam being small and marginal farmers with an average landholding of 0.36 Ha, rainfed cultivation increases climate vulnerability manifold. Apart from easy access to affordable farm credit, promotion of cooperative farming for consolidation of climate-resilient farming, better irrigation coverage, farmers’ producer companies for improving marketing of their produce, and better coverage under crop insurance will help them absorb shocks of crop failure or poor yield due to extreme weather events. If various interventions articulated by experts for climate-resilient farming remain only on paper, there will be no escape for subsistence farming by majority farmers in states like Assam, and only worse can be expected. More research findings by ICAR and state agricultural universities will help farmers in rainfed areas overcome the challenges of climate change and contribute to the country’s food security.