Certain positive developments in the India-Bhutan relationship must be particularly viewed with interest and enthusiasm in the Northeast in general and Assam in particular. The tiny yet picturesque Himalayan kingdom shares 699 kilometres of international boundary with India; of this, Assam alone shares the highest 267 kilometres. Three other Indian states that share an international boundary with Bhutan are Arunachal Pradesh (217 km), West Bengal (183 km), and Sikkim (32 km). Among all the four Indian states that share a boundary with Bhutan, Assam has the maximum significance. This is because Assam has the best available international connectivity potential for Bhutan, including waterways, roadways, and airways. Landlocked Bhutan uses the Brahmaputra River route to transport cargo to Bangladesh ports to reach out to the outside world. While that is part of Bhutan’s exports to countries other than India, it must be kept in mind that trade between Assam and Bhutan is also very important as far as socio-economic benefits to the local communities on both sides of the international boundary are concerned. Every single Bhutanese vehicle coming out and passing through Assam brings some amount of economic benefit to the local communities. With railway connectivity in Assam witnessing drastic improvement in the past decade or more, Bhutan’s dependence on Assam is increasing. Given this scenario, the Government of India, under its Act East Policy and Neighbourhood First Policy, has laid the highest importance on providing vital connectivity to Bhutan. One important project in the pipeline under these ambitious policies is the proposed Kokrajhar-Gelephu railway line, which will improve cross-border connectivity and strengthen bilateral ties. The latest good news is that NF Railway has completed the final location survey on the proposed Kokrajhar-Gelephu railway line, and the detailed project report (DPR) has been submitted for further approval.