The Mughal Empire, which ruled India from the 16th to the 19th century, left an indelible mark on the country's architectural landscape. The Mughal architecture in India, influenced by Persian, Islamic, and Indian styles, created a unique blend of designs that reflected their rich cultural heritage. From the majestic Taj Mahal to the imposing Red Fort, Mughal architecture continues to awe and inspire people around the world. This article takes you on a journey to explore the names of famous monuments in India built during the Mughal period.
Taj Mahal
The Taj Mahal, a massive white marble mausoleum constructed in Agra between 1631 and 1648 on the Emperor Shah Jahan's decree in honour of his favourite wife, is the crown jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the most widely recognised works of art in the world's history. The Taj Mahal construction history is full of interesting anecdotes.
Red Fort
As the palace fort of Shahjahanabad, the new capital of Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal Emperor of India, the Red Fort Complex was constructed. Known for its enormous red sandstone encircling walls, it is part of the Red Fort Complex, which also includes the Salimgarh, an older fort constructed in 1546 by Islam Shah Suri. The Nahr-i-Behisht (Stream of Paradise), a continuous water channel, connects the private residences, which are arranged in a row of pavilions. The Red Fort is regarded as the pinnacle of Mughal inventiveness, which Shah Jahan elevated to a new degree of sophistication. It is loaded with unique features of Mughal architecture.
Fatehpur Sikri
Built during the second half of the 16th century by the Emperor Akbar, Fatehpur Sikri (the City of Victory) was the capital of the Mughal Empire for only some 10 years. The complex of monuments and temples, all in a uniform architectural style, includes one of the largest mosques in India, the Jama Masjid. Fatehpur Sikri’s Mughal history may be brief but is of prominence.
Humayun’s Tomb
The great Emperor Akbar, Humayun's son, sponsored the construction of Humayun's tomb in the 1560s. The garden-tomb, which was constructed by Persian and Indian artisans, was much larger than any other tomb ever constructed in the Islamic world. It is another pinnacle of Mughal architecture in India.
Charminar
In 1591, Sultan Mohammed QuliQutb Shah constructed Charminar. A modest vazu with a small fountain in the centre of the Charminar courtyard was constructed to supply water for washing prior to prayer. The Qutub Shahi buildings' distinctive motifs are also visible on Charminar. Each pillar has been constructed in such a way that it resembles a lotus leaf. Additionally, four clocks were installed to the building's four sides in 1889.
Golconda Fort
Without a doubt, one of India's most impressive fortress complexes is Golconda Fort. Golconda Fort's history begins in the early 13th century, when the Kakatiyas governed it. The Qutub Shahi kings then took control of the area in the 16th and 17th centuries. The fortress is surrounded by enormous, crenellated ramparts and sits atop a 120-meter-tall granite hill. Golconda Fort's historical significance includes it being a major centre for diamond trade and also the capital of the Qutub Shahi dynasty.
Jama Masjid
With a huge courtyard that can accommodate up to 25,000 worshippers and its exquisite design, Jama Masjid is a remarkable example of Mughal architecture in India. Emperor Shah Jahan, who also designed the Taj Mahal, commissioned it. An exquisite reminder of Delhi's illustrious past and the enduring effects of Mughal reign in India is Jama Masjid.
Bibi ka Maqbara
It was built in 1679 and is where Aurangzeb's wife, Rabia-ud-Durrani, is buried. The Mughal emperor Aurangzab commissioned it to serve as a mausoleum for her. Bibi Ka Maqbara's architecture was designed on a lesser scale and is modeled after the Taj Mahal. The monument is situated in a landscape with a reflecting pool and has a white marble dome in the centre, encircled by four minarets.
Buland Darwaza
In 1573, the Mughal emperor Akbar began building Buland Darwaza, also known as the "Door of victory" or "High Gate," to honour his conquest of Gujarat. Located 43 kilometres from Agra, India, it serves as the primary gateway to the Jama Masjid in Fatehpur Sikri.
Mughal architecture is a testament to the rich cultural and artistic heritage of India. The monuments, tombs, forts, and mosques built during the Mughal era are not only a reflection of the empire's grandeur but also a symbol of the country's diversity and pluralism. As we marvel at the beauty and grandeur of these monuments, we are reminded of the importance of preserving our cultural heritage for future generations. The unique features of Mughal architecture still inspire architects, artists, and historians, and remain an integral part of India's identity and cultural landscape.
ALSO WATCH: